Frank Lloyd Wright Biography 787

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\par ARTIST'S BIOGRAPHY
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\par FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
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\par "Beautiful buildings are more than scientific. They are true organisms, spiritually
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\par conceived; works of art, using the best technology by inspiration rather than the
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\par idiosyncrasies of mere taste or any averaging by the committee mind."
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\par "The good building is not one that hurts the landscape, but one which makes the
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\par landscape more beautiful than it was before the building was built."
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\par "My building will last at least 300 years.
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\par " No house should ever be on any hill or on anything. It should be of the hill, belonging
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\par to it, so hill and house could live together each the happier for the other."
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\par - Frank Lloyd Wright (1867~1959)
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\par Frank Lloyd Wright was born at Frank Lincoln Wright in Richland
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\par Center in southwestern Wisconsin, on June 8, 1867. He is one of the most universally
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\par acclaimed and admired of all American architects, and his name is known worldwide to
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\par laymen as well as to architects and historians. Wright's buildings and theories seem to
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\par have had only a slight impact on the evolution of 20the-century architecture. His early
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\par influences were his clergyman father's playing of Bach and Beethoven and his mother's
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\par gift of geometric blocks. Wright spent many summers of his youth in Spring Green, he
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\par came to view architecture as subject to the same rules that govern organic growth. Like,
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\par plants buildings should "grow out of the soil and be a part of it." He entered the
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\par University of Wisconsin at 15 as a special student, studying engineering because the
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\par school had no course in architecture.
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\par In 1887, at the age of twenty, Frank Lloyd Wright, broke from the
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\par comfort of his childhood in Wisconsin and moved to Chicago. With education in
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\par Engineering from the University of Wisconsin, Wright found a job as a draftsman in a
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\par Chicago architectural firm of J.Lyman Silsbee. During his short time with Silsbee, Frank
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\par began his first project, the Hillside Home for his Aunts Nell and Jane. Frank left his fist
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\par job within a year and found a position with one of the best known firms in Chicago at the
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\par turn of the century, Alder & Sullivan. Sullivan was to become Wright's greatest mentor.
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\par With the new industrial age, came a growing suburban population, and a division between
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\par home and work. While the firm of Alder & Sullivan concentrated on the demand for
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\par downtown commercial building, Wright was assigned the residential contracts. His work
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\par soon expanded as he accepted jobs outside the firms assigning. Sullivan discovered this in
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\par 1893 and called Frank on a breach of contract. Wright walked out of the firm.
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\par As an independent architect, Wright became the leader of a style
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\par known as the Prairie school. Houses with low-pitched roofs and extended lines that blend
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\par into the landscape typify the style. Wright took an integral approach to architecture by
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\par designing the interior furnishings of the building as well as the structure. In 1909 Wright
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\par took off for Europe, his travel brought him fame across the sea at a greater level than that
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\par he had received in his native homeland. Wright returned in 1910 to Chicago and
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\par Wisconsin. In 1916 he designed the Imperial Hotel in Tokyo, which survived a 1923
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\par earthquake. The Imperial Hotel project provided Wright with an engineering problem as
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\par well as an architectural challenge. Wright had managed to design a "floating foundation"
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\par for the building which combined oriental simplicity, in modern world comfort. Returning
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\par to the United States in 1922, Wright pursued the use of new material in residential homes,
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\par concrete.
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\par As early as 1894 Wright was defining his philosophy of architecture
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\par "organic architecture"1 and his ideology of the use of materials and space. He worked
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\par with indirect lighting, air conditioning, panel heating and developed the idea of a corner
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\par window. By the time of his death in 1959, Frank Lloyd Wright had produced architecture
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\par for more than seventy years. What is even more remarkable is that Wright had redesigned
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\par American architecture for at least a century and created an area of the domain which
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\par America could claim as it's own.
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\par I believe that Frank Lloyd Wright's works has particular relevance
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\par in today's world. Although Wright never established a style that dominated American or
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\par European culture, his designs influenced the architecture of the future . i.e.. Wright
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\par developed certain techniques that are still seen in buildings today.
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\par BIBLIOGRAPHY
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\par 1. Horizon Press New York: 'An Autobiography Frank Lloyd Wright' 1977
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\par 2. Olgivanna Lloyd Wright : 'Frank Lloyd Wright, His Life, His Work, His Words' (First published in Great Britain 1970)
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\par 3. Richard G. Tansey & Fred S. Kleiner: 'Gardner's Art Through The Ages - Tenth Edition' 1996
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\par 4. The dictionary of art / editor, Jane Turner. New York : Grove's Dictionaries, 1996
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